Comparing Livy And Aeneas And The Ancient World - 1871 Words

There are really only two ways that history can withstand the test of time; that is for stories to be passed down to each generation by speech, or for those stories to be written so they can be cemented in history for eternity. Much to all of what is known about Rome and the ancient world has been traveled down by great works of art and literature. More importantly, the feelings towards each one of these cultures is essentially a direct product of what is read. This only stresses the importance of Livy and Aeneas’ literary works about the pre-history of Rome. Both Livy and Aeneas constructed masterworks of literature that would be read by man for over two millennia. What these two authors composed would shape and construct what it truly meant to be Roman, not only to those living during the era, but to those living in the far future as well. The straight facts about past kings by Livy, and the telling tale of an epic hero named Aeneas by Virgil both portrayed the importance of pietas and military fortitude. On the one hand, there is pietas; now seen as one of the highest virtues of ancient Romans, a value that signifies respect and duty to the gods, family, and country above thyself. While military fortitude, or the act of being courageous in spite of the pain or harm that may ensue, was another theme that Livy and Virgil both interacted with that would change how Romans are viewed forever. These two authors would come to write works of art that are in two completely

Reconstruction Who Won the Peace Essay - 880 Words

RECONSTRUCTION: WHO WON THE PEACE? The North may have won the war, but they did a horrible job in trying to win the peace. The south had their new form of slavery, which was contained in the Black Codes; laws passed throughout the South that laid heavy restrictions on what, who, and where African-Americans could be. President Johnson saw that the only way to get the freedmen as subordinates again was to let the south back in he started signing pardons so fast that they had to assign an office to help him keep up. Johnson didnt interfere with the south and they continued their plantations, with the plantation owners running the south, in essence becoming exactly what they were before the war. It was like it had never happened. When†¦show more content†¦When Johnson let the South back into the Union he helped to make all the people who had died for the right to equality for all worthless. President Johnson was from the south originally. He had been a poor white living in Kentucky, and so had learned to hate the rich, white Plantation owners. But he always felt above the slaves which later influenced his decision to let the very people he had grown up hating back in to the Union. When congress passed the 13th Amendment banning slavery many of the people in the south feared what would happen to them. Johnson, who related to the poor white folk, knew that they needed someone who they could say at least Im better than you about. The only way he saw to do that was by letting the South have their lands and rights back so that they could do something about their former slaves. So the pardons started rolling out of the Round Office like a printing press. The Radical Republicans werent happy about it but at that point they couldnt stop him. The south began to return to the way it was. After Reconstruction the south reverted back to the way it was with slavery, plantations, and the North still in the north. The new form of slavery still looked much like the old; it just had a different name. The south said that they were doing it for the betterment of all, but they just wanted things the way they had been. Now, though, theyShow MoreRelatedReconstruction During The Civil War Essay1676 Words   |  7 PagesReconstruction The United States went through many changes after the Civil War and during the Reconstruction period of 1866-1877. Before Abraham Lincoln was assassinated on December, 1863, by John Wilkes, Lincoln announced the first Reconstruction plan a year before the Civil War had ended and Lincoln offered general amnesty to white southerners who would pledge an oath of loyalty to the government and accept the abolition of slavery. During the summer of 1865, Johnson not long after he took officeRead MoreReconstruction and the Myth of the Lost Cause1511 Words   |  7 PagesAfter the Civil war, the Union was reestablished in racism. 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Inmates Welfare and Development Free Essays

Chapter 1 THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND Introduction Threading through the history of civilization, the pursuit for punishment of lawbreakers was almost as bloody as the crime committed. Punishment then was prompt and pitiless. Although there were penitentiaries in the annals of early correctional system, its characteristics just redo the barbaric practices of treating erring individuals. We will write a custom essay sample on Inmates Welfare and Development or any similar topic only for you Order Now In this contemporary society when an authority places a person behind bars, it has acknowledged a moral obligation to change that person before he or she goes back to mainstream of society. Social scientist now believed that it is not right for the society to punish criminals without helping them to become productive and law-abiding citizens, otherwise, they may have no choice but to turn to crime again. Modern day penologists envisage that jails and prisons are not anymore place for punishment but a venue for corrections, nor mere walled quadra but quads for rehabilitation. For them, prison today are like hospital, where socially ill patients are diagnosed and administered. The new concept of rehabilitation is being introduced through various rehabilitative programs purposely to change the behavior of prisoners in order to protect the society in general and to help them in particular. Historically, the public turned its attention to prisons only in times of crisis, when news tends to focus on issues of the moment, without reference to everyday realities of prison management. The growing professionalization of the entire field of corrections means that correction work is an increasingly attractive career choice. Yet the public is largely unaware to this as we failed to get our story across and that people already think they know what they need to know about prisons. Unfortunately, these pubic opinions are largely collage of inaccurate, outdated impressions gathered from sensationalistic accounts of escapes and riots, or from movies. Woven from bits and pieces of history and anecdote, these images are far from the truth, but they are hard for an average citizen to absorb as facts. In short, myths of mismanagement, staff brutality and neglect of inmate’s needs, rampant sexual assault, and unfettered drug use in prisons seriously misrepresent most prison today. A subtle but pervasive misconception is associated with these beliefs the notion that prisons should, in some unique way, be able to change all inmates into law abiding citizens. Prisons program should, in some unique way, be able to change all inmates into law abiding citizens. Prisons program for self-development can help some offenders. However, to expect such programs to do so invariable is unrealistic. Prisons primarily house offenders who are products of failed experienced with every other institution of society. By the time an inmate arrives in prison, the home, school church, and other social agencies have all had an opportunity to intervene in this person is life to no avail. It is totally unrealistic to think that in a context defined by deprivation of society is freedoms; imposing prison programs on such individuals will automatically change an inmate for the better. To be realistic, we cannot expect prisons to do what every other instrument of society with far more constructive potential has failed to. Upon reflection, most people would acknowledge that prisons are far from the ideal setting for effecting change in attitudes and behavior. Prisons characteristically received that select group of offenders who poses a significant risk to the community and have been poorly motivated to change in other less stringent settings and programs. The prison population was, is a sense, defined by its very unwillingness or inability to change positively. As a result, we cannot expect prison experience to produce successes at the same rate as programs in the free community. Inmates released from prison face stigmatization that virtually ensures major obstacles for even the best candidates for a productive, crime-free life. No matter how well behaved or well intention an inmate might be upon return to community, or how many programs he or she might be completed, the ex-con label can unravel the best plan for intentions. The best prison programs are often neutralized by adverse community reaction. Thus, prisons are in a double bind on the one hand, society expectation that imprisonment must have an improving effect on inmates characters and make them less likely to recidivate; on the other, the incapacitation, deterrence-driven warehouse image, which implies that prisons exit essentially to stack inmates out of harm’s away without attending to their betterment. The purpose of inmate work program is to keep the inmates busy, and to provide them money for their personal expenses and their families as well as help them to acquire livelihood skills, in order that may become productive citizens once they are released and assimilated back into mainstream of the society. Conceptual Framework Theoretical framework of study focused on the necessity to understand the inmate’s welfare development variables and their effect in the operational efficiency in Muntinlupa City Jail. Inasmuch as we need to evaluate all factors extensively so that we can explore possibilities in resolving the problem with objectivity and creativity, the structural outline was conceived as a great help on the process. Theoretical framework is composed of three variables; input variables which are the demographic characteristics of the respondents and inmates welfare variables such as: socio-economic, physical structure, services provided, and internal policy; output were inmates welfare identified, solution to the problem encountered, formulation of inmates welfare development program and process variables comprising the survey method, analysis and interpretation of response of respondent. Statement of the Problem This study aimed to assess the inmate’s welfare and development of inmates at Muntinlupa City Jail as basis for crafting the community integration program: Specially, to answer the following question: 1. What is demographic profile of the respondents in study when classified in terms of 1. 1gender 1. 2age; 1. 3marital status; 1. 4gross monthly income; 1. 5highest educational attainment; 1. 6lenght of stay in jail; and 1. 7nature of crimes committed? 2. How are the inmates welfare and development of Muntinlupa City Jail influenced by the following factors as perceived by inmates and jail officers: . 1 jail facility; 2. 2 internal policies governing inmates; 2. 3 jail management; and 3. 4 inmate’s privileges? 3. Is there a significant difference between the response of inmates and jail officers in relation to the aforementioned inmates welfare and development variables? 4. What are the problems encountered and the solutions perceived to solve the same? 5. What Community I ntegration Program can be developed inmates for the inmates of Muntinlupa City Jail? INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT Inmate’s welfare variables identified. Solution to problems encountered drawn out. Development of Community Integration Program for the inmates dd Survey method Interview analysis Analysis and interruption of response of respondents Demographic characteristics of respondents Inmate’s welfare variables – socio-economic – physical structure – services provided – internal policy Ffffff FEEDBACK Figure 1. The Paradigm of the Study CRIMINAL JUSTICE COLLEGE 79 Jasmin st. Lodora Village, Tunasan Muntinlupa, City August 06, 2012 J/SUPT. NESTOR B. VELAZQUEZ WARDEN, MUNTINLUPA, CITY JAIL TUNASAN NAT’L HIGHWAY MUNTINLUPA, CITY Dear Sir, Greetings of peace and prosperity! As part of the mandatory requirements in my course, Bachelor of Science in CRIMINOLOGY (BS-CRIMINOLOGY) I am working on a thesis entitled â€Å"Inmates Welfare and Development in Muntinlupa City jail: An Assessment. † the same however, could not be made possible if without the much-needed assistance of inmates and jail officers of said jail as the respondents of the study. In this regard, requests that the undersigned be allowed to administer survey questionnaires, conduct informal interview and gather relevant data at Muntinlupa City Jail. Thank you for giving this request your most preferential attention and approval. More power! Respectfully yours, Jayson Atienza Garganta Student, CRIMINAL JUSTICE COLLEGE 79 Jasmin st. Lodora Village, Tunasan Muntinlupa, City August 06, 2012 To whom it may concern: ————————————————- The following are questions that might influence your way of living here in the jail. Your answers will help in improving the level of our services. Rest assured that all your answers will remain confidential. Thank you. Part 1. Personal data Mark check (/) or fill up the blanks with appropriate information. Name: ____________________________ (optional) Gender: ______________ Female ______________Male Age: _________year Educational Attainment: ________/ No formal education ________/ College ________/ Elementary ________/ High School ________/ College level Civil Status: ________/ Single ________/ Married ________/ Widow/Widower________/ Separated Monthly salary: (If detainee, before detention) ________/ Unemployed________/ P 5,000 below ________/P 5,001 – P 9,990________/ P 9,001 – P 10,999 ________/ P 10,001 – P 14,999________/ P 15,000 up Criminal Offense/Charge: _________________________________________________ Length of stay in jail: ___________________________ Part ll. Influencing inmate’s welfare factor Mark Check ( / ) on the level/degree of the influencing inmate’s welfare factor based on the following set of standard/proposals: 5-Very Strong 4-Strong 3- Moderate 2-Weak 1-Very Weak FactorsR A T I N G 5 4 3 2 1 l. Jail facilities a. As disapproval to limited jail facilities. [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] b. Security is tight and escape is not possible. [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] c. because of severe degree of congestion. ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] d. Very limited space for rehabilitation programs [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] 2. Internal policies governing inmates a. fear from intimidation of cell leaders. [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] b. Fear from severe and repressive penalties to [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] infractions of rules. c. No one to lean on for help when in trouble. [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] d. Lack of comprehensive policies for [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] detainees. 3. Jail management/Administration in Jail a. fear from severity of impossible penalty by [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] personnel b. Fear from suspension of privileges. [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] c. Discontented with management style of inmates’ [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] leaders. d. To be friend jail personnel so to have special privilege [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] 5 4 3 2 1 4. Inmate’s Privilege in Jail a. While away hours while in prison. [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] b. Earn extra money to support one’s needs. [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] c. Disturbed by conscience because of their [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] crimes committed. d. Be able to correct their mistakes [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] Part lll. If the following are the problems encountered by this jail, to ensure the improvements in the administration which do you think is the strongest or not. Please check the box. a. Poor performance or lack of motivation from the [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] Paralegal officer b. Limited rehabilitation programs particularly on [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] Livelihood aspects. c. Lack of rehabilitation programs with focus on [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] community integration. Part lV. If the following proposals will be helpful to the system of jail administration reforms would increase the standards in the jail system here. Which one do you think will be the first and more effective to do? Please check the box. a. Strengthening paralegal services [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] b. Enhance rehabilitation programs with [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] emphasis in income generating projects c. Construction of a modern jail with enough [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] space for detention. d. Enhance rehabilitation program with emphasis [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] in community integration. e. Classify inmates according to age and crimes [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] committed. How to cite Inmates Welfare and Development, Essay examples